Graphite Material

Discover the World of Natural Graphite

What is Graphite?

Graphite is a naturally occurring crystalline form of carbon, known for its:

• Layered hexagonal structure

• Black to dark gray appearance

• Soft, slippery texture

It was named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1789, derived from the Greek word γράφειν meaning "to write." Graphite is one of the stable allotropes of carbon.

Types of Natural Graphite

1. Flake Graphite

• Formed by metamorphism of carbon-rich rocks

• Layered structure with fish-scale appearance

• Excellent properties:
  • High-temperature resistance
  • Thermal & electrical conductivity
  • Lubricity & plasticity
  • Radiation & corrosion resistance

Applications:
Used in refractory materials, lithium-ion batteries, fuel cell plates, brake pads, casting coatings, lubricants.

Grades by Carbon Content:

• High Purity: ≥ 99.99%

• High Carbon: 94–99%

• Medium Carbon: 80–93%

• Low Carbon: 50–75%

2. Vein Graphite

• Also known as crystalline vein graphite

• Forms in high-temperature hydrothermal veins

• Appears fibrous or needle-like

• Rare and high-purity

3. Amorphous Graphite

• Also called microcrystalline graphite

• Composed of fine graphite particles (<1 μm)

• Soft, smooth, metallic luster

Applications:
Casting, coatings, battery materials, lubricants, adhesives.

Categories:

• Ferrous (with iron)

• Non-ferrous (iron-free)

Special Graphite Derivatives

Expandable Graphite

• Produced by intercalation of chemicals into natural flake graphite

• Expands rapidly under heat into a worm-like shape

Key Properties:

• Flame retardancy

• Electrical/thermal conductivity

• Used in battery materials, sealing, catalysts, hydrogen storage

Grades:

• High sulfur (≥ 0.120%)

• Low sulfur (< 0.120%)

Micro Powder Graphite

• Ultra-fine flake graphite

• Maintains thermal stability, lubricity, adhesion

Applications:
Fertilizer catalyst production, powder metallurgy, rubber/plastic fillers, conductive films

Graphite Emulsion

• A stable suspension of graphite micro powder in water or solvents

Types:

• Forging emulsion (most common)

• Water-based emulsion

• Solvent-based emulsion

Applications:
Die release agents, forging, and high-temperature metal forming

Carbon Raiser (Recarburizer)

Used to increase carbon content in molten metal during steelmaking or casting. High-quality carbon raisers are usually graphitized for:

• High fixed carbon (>95%)

• Low sulfur, phosphorus, and ash content

Types:

• Calcined Petroleum Coke (CPC)

• Graphitized Petroleum Coke (GPC)

• Calcined Anthracite Coal (CAC)

• Graphite Electrode Scrap

Applications:
Steelmaking, casting, brake pad additives, friction material

Graphene: The Future of Carbon Materials

Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice — the basic unit of graphite.

Properties:

• Thinnest known material (0.335 nm)

• Ultra-high strength and flexibility

• Excellent electrical, thermal, and optical properties

Applications:
Electronics, energy storage, sensors, medical devices, composites

Why Choose Graphite?

Key Advantages:

• Thermal Stability: Melting point ~3850°C

• Thermal Shock Resistance: Withstands sudden temperature changes

• Electrical & Thermal Conductivity: Excellent for energy applications

• Chemical Inertness: Resistant to acids, alkalis, solvents

• Lubricity & Plasticity: Ideal for dry lubrication and shaping

• Coating Ability: Bonds well to surfaces for protective films